atrial pressure increases when :
- a wave : atrial contraction
- c wave: as ventricle contracts - due probably to bulging of AV valve into atria
- v wave: increases slowly at atrium fills with blood from periphery
atrial pressure reduces when :
- x descent: atrium relaxes and tricuspid valve is pulled downwards
- y descent : tricuspid valve opens and blood flows into right ventricle
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